Android Nougat home screen. August 22, 2016; 2 years ago ( 2016-08-22) 7.1.2 (N2G48H) / December 5, 2017; 15 months ago ( 2017-12-05) type 4.1 Preceded by Succeeded by Official website Support status Supported Android 7.0 'Nougat' ( Android N during development) is the seventh major version and 14th original version of the. First released as an on March 9, 2016, it was officially released on August 22, 2016, with devices being the first to receive the update. The was the first smartphone released with Nougat. Nougat introduces notable changes to the operating system and its development platform, including the ability to display multiple apps on-screen at once in a split-screen view, support for inline replies to notifications, and an expanded 'Doze' power-saving mode that restricts device functionality once the screen has been off for a period of time. Additionally, the platform switched to an -based environment and received support for the graphics rendering, and 'seamless' system updates on supported devices. Nougat received positive reviews.
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The new app notification format received particular praise, while the multitasking interface was seen as a positive change, but reviewers experienced incompatible apps. Critics had mixed experiences with the Doze power-saving mode, but faster app installs and 'tweaks' to the were also reviewed positively.
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As of 26 October 2018, 28.2% of devices that access run Nougat, with 18.1% on Android 7.0 (API 24) and 10.1% on Android 7.1 (API 25), making Nougat (7.x) the most widely used of Android, though Android 6.0 Marshmallow (API 23), at 21.3%, is more popular than either of those individual Nougat releases. Contents.
History The release was internally codenamed 'New York Cheesecake'. On March 9, 2016, ahead of the developer conference, Google released the first version of Android 'N' as part of a new 'Android Beta Program' intended for testing by developers and enthusiasts before official release 'this summer'. The developer preview builds were compatible with only current devices; the,. The 'Android Beta Program' that was introduced allows testers to opt-in for updates to new beta versions as they are released. On April 13, 2016, Android N Beta Preview 2 was released. Google further discussed Android 'N' during the I/O keynote on May 18, 2016, and unveiled its new platform,.
Beta Preview 3, the first preview release deemed suitable for wider public beta testing, was released at this time. Google also announced that it would hold a contest to determine the official release name of the operating system. Beta Preview 4 was released on June 15, 2016. On June 30, 2016, Google announced that N's release name would be '; it was also confirmed that Nougat would be version 7.0 of Android. The final Beta Preview, 5, was released on July 18, 2016. Android 7.0 was officially released on August 22, 2016, with the Nexus 6, 5X, 6P, 9, Nexus Player, Pixel C, and as the first devices to receive the update. Dave Burke, Android's Vice President of Engineering, stated in August 2016 that updates to Nougat would be released quarterly as maintenance releases focusing on 'continued refinements and polish'.
On September 6, 2016, LG announced the, the first smartphone to ship with Nougat pre-installed. Google unveiled the first-party smartphones during a hardware-focused event on October 4, 2016, with the Pixel phones replacing the Nexus series. Updates to existing devices vary by manufacturer and carrier, and driver support for the version by the manufacturer of a device's respective system-on-chip.
Major manufacturers, including, and announced intents to update a range of their recent devices to Nougat. Stated that it would not support Nougat on devices using its 800 and 801 system-on-chips for undisclosed reasons.
Although developer preview builds of Nougat were released for the device, Sony stated that it would not upgrade the (which uses the Snapdragon 801) to the final version due to 'unforeseen platform limitations'. It was reported that the Google Compatibility Test Suite (whose tests must be passed in order to receive official certification) specified that all devices running Nougat must support either or graphics APIs — neither of which are supported by the device's Adreno 330 graphics core. A post-release update known as Android 7.1 was pre-loaded onto Google's released in October 2016; the new version adds support for the VR platform, image keyboards, expanded emoji support (including male and female versions), support for actions to be displayed in menus on home screen app shortcuts, and other new features. A preview of 7.1 for existing Nexus devices was released via Android Beta Program later in the month, and officially released as Android 7.1.1 on December 5, 2016.
As of 7.1.1, the Nexus 6 and Nexus 9 were considered end-of-life, and did not receive any further updates. Android 7.1.2 was released in April 2017, providing various improvements and minor functionality improvements to Nexus and Pixel-branded devices. Features User experience. The updated notification shade on Nougat Nougat redesigns the notification shade, which now features a smaller row of icons for settings, replacing notification cards with a new 'sheet' designand allowing inline replies for notifications.
Multiple notifications from a single app can also be 'bundled', and there is greater per-app control over notifications. A display mode was introduced for phones, in which two apps can be snapped to occupy halves of the screen. An experimental multi-window mode is also available as a hidden feature, where multiple apps can appear simultaneously on the screen in overlapping windows. The 'Doze' power saving mechanism introduced in was expanded to include a state activated when the device is running on battery and the screen has been off for a period of time but is not stationary. In this state, network activity is restricted, and apps are granted 'maintenance windows' in which they can access the network and perform background tasks.
As in Marshmallow, the full Doze state is activated if the device is stationary with its screen off for a period of time. A new 'Data Saver' mode restricts background mobile data usage, and can trigger internal functions in apps that are designed to reduce bandwidth usage, such as capping the quality of streaming media. Platform In December 2015, Google announced that Android Nougat would switch its from the defunct to —the official open source implementation of the Java platform maintained by and the Java community. The (ART) now incorporates a system, utilizing a and alongside its current to further optimize apps for a device's hardware and other conditions in the background. Nougat introduces a system for enabling 'seamless', automatic system updates, based upon and sharing some code with the implementation of similar functionality on. The system uses a pair of partitions; the Android system executes from an 'online' partition, while updates are applied in the background to a redundant 'offline' partition. On the next boot following the installation of an update, the redundant partition is designated as active, and the device henceforth boots into the updated system.
The previous system partition is kept as a backup in case of update failure, and to serve as the 'offline' partition for the next update. This system removes the requirement for the device to reboot into the system recovery environment to apply the update (which prevents the device from being used until the update is complete) and also provides the ability for an update to be automatically rolled back in case of a failure. Google chose to enable seamless updates only for devices shipped with Nougat (or later), rather than enabling earlier devices to support the feature after repartitioning. Additionally, due to the ART changes on Nougat, apps no longer need to be re-compiled upon the first boot after a system update.
Developer Preview 2 added platform support for, a new low-level -rendering alternative to with higher graphics performance. Nougat is the first version featuring 9.0 support, and comes with updated emoji, plus support for emoji skin tones. Android 7.1 adds native API support for implementing image keyboards; multi-endpoint telephony; shortcut menus and rounded icon assets for apps on launchers; and support for the platform. The Daydream environment includes a 'sustained performance mode' to assist developers in optimizing apps to a device's, a new head tracking algorithm which combines the input from various device sensors, and integration of system notifications into the VR user interface. Security In response to the family of bugs disclosed and fixed in 2015, several changes were made to harden the media stack against future vulnerabilities. Runtime detection was implemented, preventing the majority of Stagefright-like programming bugs from becoming vulnerabilities, in addition to helping fix and prevent such bugs. Android's monolithic MediaServer process was redesigned to better adhere to the.
MediaServer is now split into several separate processes, each running in its own unprivileged, and granted only the permissions required for its task. For example, only the AudioServer can access, and libstagefright now runs within the MediaCodecService sandbox, which is only granted access. Further constraints were placed on the media stack through. Various mechanisms were enabled to reduce the possibility of malicious code being injected and/or executed inside the, including dividing kernel memory into logical segments for code and data, with access permissions of read-only and no-execute as appropriate. The kernel was also restricted from directly accessing, and was enabled in the to reduce. To limit exposure of the kernel to potentially malicious code, was disabled by default, commands were restricted by, and was enabled to grant processes the ability to restrict. On devices shipping with Android Nougat, the 'Verified Boot' policy (introduced partially on KitKat, and displaying notifications on startup on Marshmallow) must be strictly enforced.
If system files are corrupted or otherwise modified, the operating system will only allow operation in a limited-use mode or will refuse to boot at all. Reception Dieter Bohn of praised the new multitasking interface in Android Nougat, calling it 'long overdue' for Android tablets. Although he initially found the implementation 'confusing', he wrote that it worked well once he understood it properly, though he noted that 'some apps don’t fully support split screen, while others work fine but pop up a warning anyway'. Bohn also liked the new way to reply to any message notification, stating 'Android has long had an advantage in useful and consistent notifications' versus, and added 'now that quick replies are standard on it I don't see that lead diminishing'. He also noted 'tweaks' throughout the OS as welcome changes, including quick toggles in the notification drawer, a Settings menu with more visual information, and a Camera app that has been 'cleaned up a bit'.
Bohn stated that he didn't notice any significant battery improvements despite the Doze power-saving feature in Nougat. He also wrote extensively about the fact that, even though Nougat is 'great', 'it’s a shame it will take so long for anybody to see it', writing about the lack of updates to most Android devices, and that 'unless you have a Nexus, it could be a few months, it could be a year , before it becomes available on your phone'.
Chris Velazco of also praised the new, bundled app notifications, writing that prior Android versions' notifications 'just sort of sit there' until interaction, but Nougat 'does a much better job of bundling them by app and letting you get things done'. He highlighted the ability to expand a bundled notification to see subjects and senders of individual messages. Velazco stated that split-screen multitasking was a 'big deal', but he also encountered non-compatible apps. Visual elements in the Settings app, quick toggles in the notification dropdown, and new language and emoji support were also positive highlights in the review. Velazco did note a battery improvement from the Doze power-saving feature, stating his 'Nexus 6P seemed to gain about an hour or two of standby battery life'.
He also wrote that installing and launching apps might be 'a little faster than usual' thanks to Nougat's new app compiler, and he hoped game developers will utilize the new Vulkan API for some 'seriously good-looking mobile gaming'. See also. Retrieved October 4, 2015. Android Source.
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